{"id":1931,"date":"2022-03-08T09:20:14","date_gmt":"2022-03-08T08:20:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ingermania.ro\/?p=1931"},"modified":"2022-03-08T09:43:25","modified_gmt":"2022-03-08T08:43:25","slug":"ziua-femeii-in-germania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ingermania.ro\/ziua-femeii-in-germania\/","title":{"rendered":"Ziua Femeii \u00een Germania: doar un singur land federal are aceast\u0103 zi liber\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

8 martie, sau Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii, este oficial s\u0103rb\u0103toare legal\u0103, liber\u0103 de munc\u0103, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din 2019. Cu toate acestea, noile reglement\u0103ri se aplic\u0103 doar \u00eentr-un singur land german, \u0219i anume Berlin. Cu un an mai devreme, alte state federale au introdus s\u0103rb\u0103tori legale suplimentare. De exemplu, landurile federale din nordul Germaniei au decis ca Ziua Reformei<\/a> s\u0103 fie o s\u0103rb\u0103toare public\u0103, iar \u00een Turingia Ziua Mondial\u0103 a Copilului a fost declarat\u0103 o astfel de s\u0103rb\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii \u00een Germania<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii \u00een 2022 cade mar\u021bi, 8 martie 2022. \u00cen Germania, \u00een aceast\u0103 zi au loc, de obicei, evenimente organizate de Confedera\u021bia german\u0103 a sindicatelor (DGB). Bine\u00een\u021beles, Ziua Femeii din acest an este marcat\u0103 \u0219i de pandemia de coronavirus. Criza love\u0219te \u00een special femeile. DGB \u0219i sindicatele sale membre atrag aten\u021bia asupra acestui lucru cu ocazia Zilei Interna\u021bionale a Femeii, care are loc pe 8 martie. Criza actual\u0103 exacerbeaz\u0103 inegalit\u0103\u021bile dintre b\u0103rba\u021bi \u0219i femei. Femeile, \u00een special, ocup\u0103 locuri de munc\u0103 importante din punct de vedere sistemic, dar prost pl\u0103tite. \u00cen timpul crizei, ace\u0219tia sunt afecta\u021bi \u00een mod special de pierderea de venituri pe care o resimt din cauza absen\u021bei de la locul de munc\u0103, a muncii cu frac\u021biune de norm\u0103 \u0219i a \u0219omajului. Ele preiau majoritatea sarcinilor casnice \u0219i familiale, reduc\u00e2ndu-\u0219i \u00een schimb orele de lucru.<\/p>\n

Istoria Zilei Interna\u021bionale a Femeii<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii \u00ee\u0219i are r\u0103d\u0103cinile \u00een mi\u0219carea femeilor din clasa muncitoare de la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al XIX-lea \u0219i \u00eenceputul secolului al XX-lea. Nu este foarte clar c\u00e2nd \u0219i unde s-a n\u0103scut ideea unei „zile politice de lupt\u0103 a femeilor”. Dar adev\u0103rul este c\u0103 \u00een multe \u021b\u0103ri, \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al XIX-lea, mi\u0219c\u0103rile de femei \u0219i de muncitori au cerut instituirea unei zile \u00een care femeile s\u0103 militeze la nivel na\u021bional sau mondial pentru drepturi egale, salarii mai mari \u0219i condi\u021bii de munc\u0103 mai bune pentru femei, precum \u0219i pentru votul femeilor \u0219i lupta \u00eempotriva discrimin\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

Clara Zetkin, politician socialist german \u0219i militant\u0103 pentru drepturile femeilor, a propus introducerea unei zile interna\u021bionale a femeii la 27 august 1910, \u00een cadrul celei de-a doua Conferin\u021be Interna\u021bionale a Femeilor Socialiste de la Copenhaga. Ea nu propusese \u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 anume. Dup\u0103 cea de-a doua Conferin\u021b\u0103 Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeilor Socialiste, „Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii” a fost s\u0103rb\u0103torit\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een anul urm\u0103tor, 1911: ini\u021bial \u00een patru \u021b\u0103ri europene (Danemarca, Germania, Austria, Elve\u021bia), precum \u0219i \u00een SUA. Cu toate acestea, aceast\u0103 prim\u0103 Zi interna\u021bional\u0103 oficial\u0103 a femeii nu a fost s\u0103rb\u0103torit\u0103 la 8 martie, a\u0219a cum este ast\u0103zi, ci la 19 martie 1911. Principala revendicare a fost votul activ \u0219i pasiv pentru femei. Peste un milion de femei au ie\u0219it \u00een strad\u0103 cu ocazia acestei prime Zile Interna\u021bionale a Femeii. Doar un an mai t\u00e2rziu, \u00een 1912, femeile din alte c\u00e2teva \u021b\u0103ri au luat parte la demonstra\u021bii pentru a marca Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii.<\/p>\n

De ce se s\u0103rb\u0103tore\u0219te Ziua Femeii pe 8 martie?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Cum s-a ajuns ca ziua de 8 martie s\u0103 devin\u0103 \u00een cele din urm\u0103 data Zilei Interna\u021bionale a Femeii – exist\u0103 diverse interpret\u0103ri \u00een acest sens. La 8 martie 1917 (23 februarie conform calendarului iulian din Rusia), au \u00eenceput grevele femeilor care locuiau \u00een cartierele s\u0103race din Petrograd. Aceste proteste au fost unul dintre impulsurile pentru Revolu\u021bia din februarie din Rusia. \u00cen onoarea acestor femei care au f\u0103cut grev\u0103 \u0219i au protestat la Petrograd, se pare c\u0103 ziua de 8 martie a fost stabilit\u0103 ca zi interna\u021bional\u0103 de comemorare la „A doua Conferin\u021b\u0103 interna\u021bional\u0103 a femeilor comuniste din 1921” de la Moscova, la cererea delega\u021biei bulgare.<\/p>\n

\u00cen 1975, Organiza\u021bia Na\u021biunilor Unite a stabilit ziua de 8 martie ca fiind „Ziua drepturilor femeii \u0219i a p\u0103cii mondiale”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

8 martie, sau Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii, este oficial s\u0103rb\u0103toare legal\u0103, liber\u0103 de munc\u0103, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din 2019. Cu toate acestea, noile reglement\u0103ri se aplic\u0103 doar \u00eentr-un singur land german, \u0219i anume Berlin. Cu un an mai devreme, alte state federale au introdus s\u0103rb\u0103tori legale suplimentare. De exemplu, landurile federale din nordul Germaniei au decis ca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1932,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nZiua Femeii \u00een Germania: doar un singur land federal are aceast\u0103 zi liber\u0103 - InGermania<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ingermania.ro\/ziua-femeii-in-germania\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ziua Femeii \u00een Germania: doar un singur land federal are aceast\u0103 zi liber\u0103 - InGermania\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"8 martie, sau Ziua Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Femeii, este oficial s\u0103rb\u0103toare legal\u0103, liber\u0103 de munc\u0103, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din 2019. 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